焦化氣發(fā)電機組的通風(fēng)設(shè)計是確保發(fā)電機正常運行、延長設(shè)備使用壽命以及保障機房環(huán)境安全的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。合理的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)不僅能為發(fā)電機提供充足的新鮮空氣，滿足其燃燒和散熱需求，還能有效排出廢氣、降低機房溫度與濕度，減少噪音傳播，營造良好的運行環(huán)境。

　　The ventilation design of coking gas generator set is a key link to ensure the normal operation of the generator, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the safety of the machine room environment. A reasonable ventilation system can not only provide sufficient fresh air for the generator to meet its combustion and heat dissipation needs, but also effectively discharge exhaust gas, reduce the temperature and humidity of the machine room, reduce noise transmission, and create a good operating environment.

　　首先，確定通風(fēng)量是通風(fēng)設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)。通風(fēng)量需依據(jù)柴油發(fā)電機的功率、散熱要求以及機房空間大小等因素綜合計算得出。一般而言，要確保機房內(nèi)每小時換氣次數(shù)不少于 6 - 8 次，以保證空氣的有效流通與更新。例如，對于一臺 500kW 的柴油發(fā)電機，所需的通風(fēng)量約為 15000 - 20000m?/h。

　　Firstly, determining the ventilation volume is the foundation of ventilation design. The ventilation volume needs to be calculated comprehensively based on factors such as the power of the diesel generator, heat dissipation requirements, and the size of the machine room space. Generally speaking, it is necessary to ensure that the air exchange rate in the computer room is not less than 6-8 times per hour to ensure effective air circulation and renewal. For example, for a 500kW diesel generator, the required ventilation rate is approximately 15000-20000m ?/h.

　　進風(fēng)口與排風(fēng)口的設(shè)置至關(guān)重要。進風(fēng)口應(yīng)位于機房的低處，且盡量遠離發(fā)電機的排氣口，以避免吸入廢氣。其面積要根據(jù)通風(fēng)量和進風(fēng)風(fēng)速確定，一般進風(fēng)風(fēng)速控制在 3 - 5m/s 較為適宜。排風(fēng)口則應(yīng)設(shè)置在機房的高處，利于熱空氣和廢氣的排出，排風(fēng)口面積按照通風(fēng)量和排風(fēng)風(fēng)速計算，排風(fēng)風(fēng)速通常在 4 - 6m/s 左右。同時，進、排風(fēng)口需安裝防護網(wǎng)，防止異物進入機房。

　　The setting of air inlet and exhaust outlet is crucial. The air inlet should be located at a lower position in the computer room and as far away as possible from the exhaust outlet of the generator to avoid inhaling exhaust gas. The area should be determined based on the ventilation rate and inlet air velocity, and generally the inlet air velocity should be controlled at 3-5m/s. The exhaust outlet should be located at a high place in the computer room to facilitate the discharge of hot air and exhaust gas. The area of the exhaust outlet is calculated based on the ventilation volume and exhaust wind speed, and the exhaust wind speed is usually around 4-6m/s. At the same time, protective nets should be installed at the air inlet and outlet to prevent foreign objects from entering the computer room.

　　通風(fēng)方式可采用自然通風(fēng)與機械通風(fēng)相結(jié)合。在環(huán)境條件允許的情況下，優(yōu)先利用自然通風(fēng)，如設(shè)置足夠面積的通風(fēng)窗、通風(fēng)百葉等，借助自然風(fēng)壓和熱壓實現(xiàn)空氣的流通。但當自然通風(fēng)無法滿足要求時，需配備機械通風(fēng)設(shè)備，如軸流風(fēng)機、離心風(fēng)機等。機械通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具備自動控制功能，根據(jù)機房內(nèi)的溫度、濕度等參數(shù)自動調(diào)節(jié)風(fēng)機的啟停與轉(zhuǎn)速，實現(xiàn)智能化通風(fēng)管理。

　　The ventilation method can be a combination of natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. When environmental conditions permit, natural ventilation should be prioritized, such as setting up ventilation windows and louvers with sufficient area, and utilizing natural wind pressure and heat pressure to achieve air circulation. But when natural ventilation cannot meet the requirements, mechanical ventilation equipment such as axial flow fans, centrifugal fans, etc. need to be equipped. The mechanical ventilation system should have automatic control function, automatically adjusting the start stop and speed of the fan according to parameters such as temperature and humidity in the computer room, to achieve intelligent ventilation management.

　　此外，通風(fēng)管道的設(shè)計也不容忽視。管道應(yīng)布局合理、短直順暢，減少彎頭與變徑，以降低通風(fēng)阻力。管道材料要具備防火、防腐、耐高溫等性能，如采用鍍鋅鋼板或玻璃鋼材質(zhì)的風(fēng)管。同時，要對通風(fēng)管道做好隔熱與隔音處理，減少熱量散失和噪音傳播。

　　In addition, the design of ventilation ducts cannot be ignored. The pipeline layout should be reasonable, short, straight and smooth, reducing bends and diameter changes to reduce ventilation resistance. Pipeline materials should have properties such as fire resistance, corrosion resistance, and high temperature resistance, such as using galvanized steel sheet or fiberglass material for air ducts. At the same time, it is necessary to provide insulation and sound insulation for ventilation ducts to reduce heat loss and noise transmission.

　　在焦化氣發(fā)電機組的通風(fēng)設(shè)計中，還需考慮與其他系統(tǒng)的協(xié)同配合，如與消防系統(tǒng)的聯(lián)動，確保在火災(zāi)發(fā)生時能及時切斷通風(fēng)設(shè)備電源并關(guān)閉通風(fēng)口，防止火勢蔓延；與降噪系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，通過合理的通風(fēng)布局與消聲裝置的應(yīng)用，降低機房噪音對周邊環(huán)境的影響。

　　In the ventilation design of coking gas generator units, it is also necessary to consider coordination with other systems, such as linkage with the fire protection system, to ensure that the power supply of ventilation equipment can be cut off and ventilation openings can be closed in a timely manner in the event of a fire, in order to prevent the spread of fire; Combined with the noise reduction system, the impact of machine room noise on the surrounding environment is reduced through reasonable ventilation layout and the application of noise reduction devices.

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